中国邮电高校学报(英文) ›› 2017, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 24-38.doi: 10.1016/S1005-8885(17)60239-5
Yang Jingmin1, Zhang Wenjie1, Zou Fumin2
收稿日期:
2017-03-14
修回日期:
2017-06-16
出版日期:
2017-12-30
发布日期:
2017-12-01
通讯作者:
jingmin YANG
E-mail:yjm4201@163.com
基金资助:
Yang Jingmin1, Zhang Wenjie1, Zou Fumin2
Received:
2017-03-14
Revised:
2017-06-16
Online:
2017-12-30
Published:
2017-12-01
Contact:
jingmin YANG
E-mail:yjm4201@163.com
Supported by:
摘要: To understand the utilizability of TV white spaces (TVWS), a comprehensive overview of the outdoor and indoor network design over TVWS is given. The related challenges are analyzed. The potential approaches to overcoming these challenges are discussed. The open research issues are investigated. The result shows that: in the indoor scenario, the white space ratio is on average 18.4% higher than that in the outdoor scenario, which corresponds to 7.7 vacant TV channels. Both network design includes 7 key components: TV spectrum identification, access point (AP) discovery, AP association, spectrum allocation, band width adaptation, interface control and disruption handling. Due to building penetration loss, the indoor TVWS identification and AP placement should be carefully considered in the indoor scenario.
中图分类号:
Yang Jingmin1, Zhang Wenjie1, Zou Fumin2. Survey of outdoor and indoor architecture design in TVWS networks[J]. JOURNAL OF CHINA UNIVERSITIES OF POSTS AND TELECOM, 2017, 24(6): 24-38.
2. Masonta M T, Mzyece M, Ntlatlapa N. Spectrum decision in cognitive radio networks: a survey. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2013, 15(3): 1088-1107 3. Calabrese M. Measuring TV ‘white space’ available for unlicensed wireless broadband. Washington, DC, USA: New America Foundation, 2006 4. Statement on cognitive access to interleaved spectrum. London, UK: OFCOM, 2009 5. McHenry M A, Tenhula P A, McCloskey D, et al. Chicago spectrum occupancy measurements analysis and a long-term studies proposal. Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Technology and Policy for Accessing Spectrum (TAPAS’06), Aug 5, 2006, Boston, MA, USA. New York. USA: ACM, 2006: Article 1/1-12 6. Islam M H, Koh C L, Oh S W, et al. Spectrum survey in Singapore: occupancy measurements and analyses. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom’08), May 15-17, 2008, Singapore. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2008: 7p 7. Chao L, Chen M. Exploring white space in metropolises: a measurement study in Hong Kong. Hong Kong, China: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011 8. Rappaport T S. Wireless Communications: principles and practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Prentice Hall, 2002 9. Riback M, Medbo J, Berg J E, et al. Carrier frequency effects on path loss. Proceedings of the 63rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring’06): Vol 6, Mar 7-10, 2006, Melbourne, Australia. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2006: 2717-2721 10. Kang K M, Jeong B J. TV band device for TV white space field trial. Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE’14), Jan 10-13, 2014, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2014: 450-451 11. TVWS: unlicensed access spectrum in sub-700 MHz band. White Paper. Markham, Canada: Telesystem Innovations Inc, 2010 12. Seidel S Y, Rappaport T S, Feuerstein MJ, et al. The impact of surrounding buildings on propagation for wireless in-building personal communications system design. Proceedings of the 42nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC’92): Vol 2, May 10-13, 1992, Denver, CO, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 1992: 814-818 13. Borth D, Ekl R, Oberlies B. Considerations for successful cognitive radio systems in US TV white space. Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN’08), Oct 14-17, 2008, Chicago, IL, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2008: 5p 14. Bahl P, Chandra R, Moscibroda T, et al. White space networking with Wi-Fi like connectivity. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2009, 39 (4): 27-38 15. Feng X J, Zhang J, Zhang Q. Database-assisted multi-AP network on TVWS: architecture, spectrum allocation and AP discovery. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN’11), May 3-6, 2011, Aachen, Germany. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011: 265-276 16. Deb S, Gupta P, Nagaraj K, et al. An agile and efficient MAC for wireless access over TV whitespaces. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2015, 14(1): 42-57 17. Zhou R G, Xiong Y P, Xing G L, et al. ZiFi: wireless LAN discovery via Zigbee interference signatures. Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and networking (MobiCom’10), Sept 20-24, 2010, Chicago, IL, USA. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010: 49-60 18. Implementing geolocation. London, UK: OFCOM, 2010 19. Liu X, Sheth A, Kaminsky M, et al. Pushing the envelope of indoor wireless spatial reuse using directional access points and clients. Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’10), Sept 20-24, 2010, Chicago, IL, USA. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010: 209-220 20. He Y, Perkins D, Velaga S. Design and implementation of CLASS: a cross-layer association scheme for wireless mesh networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 2011, 9(8): 1476-1488 21. Koutsopoulos I, Tassiulas L. Joint optimal access point selection and channel assignment in wireless networks. EEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2007, 15(3): 521-532 22. Li L, Pal M, Yang Y R. Proportional fairness in multi-rate wireless LANs. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications (INFOCOM’08), Apr 13-18, 2008, Phoenix, AZ, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2008: 1004-1012 23. Audhya G K, Sinha K, Ghosh S C, et al. A survey on the channel assignment problem in wireless networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2011, 11(5): 583-609 24. Cao L L, Zheng H T. Distributed rule-regulated spectrum sharing. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2008, 26(1): 130-145 25. Jiang, C K, Duan L J, Huang J W. Optimal pricing and admission control for heterogeneous secondary users. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2016, 15(8): 5218-5230 26. Luo Y, Gao L, Huang J W. Price and inventory competition in oligopoly TV white space markets. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2015, 33(5): 1002-1013 27. Ilyas Z, Ghafoor A, Hussain S. A database assisted quality of service and pricing based spectrum allocation framework for TVWS. Wireless Personal Communications, 2017, 92(4): 1493-1509 28. Chandra R, Mahajan R, Moscibroda T, et al. A case for adapting channel width in wireless networks. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2008, 38(4): 135-146 29. Gummadi R, Patra P, Balakrishnan H, et al. Interference avoidance and control. Proceedings of the 7th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets’08), Oct 6-7, 2008, Calgary, Canada. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008: 6p 30. Yuan Y, Bahl P, Chandra R, et al. Allocating dynamic time-spectrum blocks in cognitive radio networks. Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MOBIHOC’07), Sept 9-14, 2007, Montreal, Canada. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2007: 130-139. 31. Ghosh C, Roy S, Cavalcanti D. Coexistence challenges for heterogeneous cognitive wireless networks in TVWS. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2011, 18(4): 22-31 32. Deb S, Srinivasan V, Maheshwari R. Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces: design rules, architecture and algorithms. Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’09), Sept 20-25, 2009, Beijing, China. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2009: 12p 33. Fette B A. Cognitive radio technology. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2006. 34. Jing X P, Raychaudhuri D. Spectrum coexistence of IEEE 802.l1b and 802.16a networks using reactive and proactive etiquette policies. Mobile Networks and Applications, 2006, 11(4): 539-554 35. Kim H, Shin K G. Efficient discovery of spectrum opportunities with MAC-layer sensing in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2008, 7(5): 533-545 36. Gamarra E O, Zander J. Short range white space utilization in broadcast systems for indoor environments. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum (DySPAN’10), Apr 6-9, 2010, Singapore. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2010: 6p 37. Nekovee, M. Quantifying and availability of TV whtie spaces for cognitive radio operation in the UK. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICCW’09), Jun 14-18, 2009, Dresden, Germany. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2009 :5p 38. Ying X H, Zhang J C, Yan L C, et al. Exploring indoor white spaces in metropolises. Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’13), Sept 30-Oct 4, 2013, Miami, FL, USA. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013: 255-266 39. Chowdhury K, Doost-Mohammady R, Meleis W, et al. Cooperation and communication in cognitive radio networks based on TV spectrum experiments. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM’11), Jun 20-24, 2011, Lucca, Italy. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011, 127: 9p 40. Kim Y, de Veciana G. Joint network capacity region for cognitive networks heterogeneous environments and RF-environment awareness. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2011, 29(2): 407-420 41. Klepeis N E, Nelson W C, Ott W R, et al. The national human activity pattern survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 2001, 11(3): 231-252 42. Chandrasekhar V, Andrews J G, Gatherer A. Femtocell networks: a survey. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2008, 46(9): 59-67 43. Kawade S, Nekovee M. Wireless options for high data-rate indoor users: Cognitive access to TV white space. Proceedings of the 1st UK-India International Workshop on Cognitive Wireless Systems (UKIWCWS’10), Dec 10-12, 2009, Delhi, India. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2009: 6p 44. Radunovic B, Gunawardena D, Key P, et al. Rethinking indoor wireless mesh design: low power, low frequency, full-duplex. Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Network (WiMesh’10), Jun 21, 2010, Boston, MA, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2010: 6p 45. Padhye J, Agarwal S, Padmanabhan V N, et al. Estimation of link interference in static multi-hop wireless networks. Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet Measurement (IMC’05), Oct 19-21, 2005, Berkeley, CA, USA. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2005: 305-310 46. Robinson J, Singh M, Swaminathan R, et al. Deploying mesh nodes under non-uniform propagation. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications (INFOCOM’10), Mar 14-19, 2010, San Diego, CA, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2010: 9p 47. Novillo F, Galeana H, Ferrus R, et al. Spectrum availability in indoor locations for opportunistic spectrum access in dense urban scenarios. Proceedings of the 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring’09), Apr 26-29, 2009, Barcelona, Spain. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2009: 5p 48. Ho M J, Berber S M, Sowerby K W. Reusability of primary spectrum in buildings for cognitive radio systems. Proceedings of the Virginia Tech Symposium on Wireless Personal Communications, Jun 1-3, 2011, Blacksburg, VA, USA. 2011 49. Cao H W, Zhao Z, Ni W T, et al. Measurement and ray-tracing of wideband indoor channel in UHF TV white space. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Radio and Advanced Spectrum Management (CogART’11), Oct 26-29, 2011, Barcelona, Spain. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2011: 5p 50. Wellens M, Wu J, Mahonen P. Evaluation of spectrum occupancy in indoor and outdoor scenario in the context of cognitive radio. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCon’07), Aug 1-3, 2007, Orlando, FL, USA. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2007: 420-427 51. Meshkova E, Ansari J, Denkovski D, et al. Experimental spectrum sensor testbed for constructing indoor radio environmental maps. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN’11), May 3-6, 2011, Aachen, Germany. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011: 603-607 52. Chowdhury K, Doost-Mohammady R, Meleis W, et al. Cooperation and communication in cognitive radio networks based on TV spectrum experiments. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM’11), Jun 20-24, 2011, Lucca, Italy. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011, 127: 9 53. Obregon R, Shi L, Ferrer J, et al. Experimental verification of indoor TV white space opportunity prediction model. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCon’10), Jun 9-11, 2010, Cannes, France. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2010: 5p 54. Bedogni L, Felice M D, Malabocchia F, et al. Indoor communication over TV gray spaces based on spectrum measurement. Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC’14), Apr 6-9, 2014, Istanbul, Turkey. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2014: 3218-3223 55. Liu D X, Wu F, Kong L H, et al. Training-free indoor white space exploration. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2016, 34(10): 2589-2604 56. Zhang J C, Zhang W J, Chen M H, et al. WINET: indoor white space network design. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM’15), Apr 26-May 1, 2015, Hong Kong, China. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2015: 630-638 |
[1] | Zhang Luying, Liu Xiaokai, Li Zhao, Xu Fangmin, Zhao Chenglin. Prediction based dynamic resource allocation method for edge computing first networking [J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2023, 30(3): 78-87. |
[2] | Chen Hui, Jiang Xiaoling, Wu Tianting, Mou Xingyu. Crowd sensing data delivery based on tangle DAG network [J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2023, 30(3): 88-98. |
[3] | Zhu Ruijie, Li Gong, Wang Peisen, Zhang Wenchao. Reinforced virtual optical network embedding algorithm in EONs for edge computing [J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2022, 29(6): 18-29. |
[4] | 赵国生 刘冬梅 王健.
Cloud security situation prediction method based on grey wolf optimization and BP neural network
[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2020, 27(6): 30-41. |
[5] | 刘琨, 王辉, 申自浩. Prediction of network attack profit path based on NAPG model[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2020, 27(5): 91-102. |
[6] | Li Bo, Sun Xuehong, Li Chunshu, Xue Kaiping, Zhang Xiaoguang. Downlink energy efficiency modeling and optimization with backhaul awareness and interference price in ultra cellular HetNet[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2019, 26(2): 67-81. |
[7] | Zhang Junsong, Jiang Yongcong, Gan Yong, Zhang Qikun. Bilinear pair based authentication protocol for wireless medical sensor network[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2018, 25(2): 28-38. |
[8] | Wu Zhijun,Cui Zihan, Wang Caiyun, Lei Jin. Access control scheme with attribute revocation for SWIM[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(6): 49-54. |
[9] | Yao Yukun, Liu Jiangbing, Xu Dongliang, Ren Zhi, Hu Qing. Centralized congestion control routing protocol based on multi-metrics for low power and lossy networks[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(5): 35-43. |
[10] | Tian Shengwen, Wang Jingyu, Yang Hongyong, Cui Guanghai. Stateless overlay multicast with in-packet bloom filters[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(5): 44-52. |
[11] | Tan Xiaoying, Huang Dan, Guo Yuchun, Chen Changjia. Dynamic resource allocation in cloud download service[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(5): 53-59. |
[12] | 谢坤 黄小红 马懋德 张沛. Power savings in software defined data center networks via modified hybrid genetic algorithm[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(4): 76-86. |
[13] | 李文璟 喻鹏 王瑞一 丰雷 董欧洲 邱雪松. Quality of experience evaluation of HTTP video streaming based on user interactive behaviors[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2017, 24(3): 24-32. |
[14] | 邵彩幸 张建华. Research of the multi-way connectivity probability for platoon-based Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication network[J]. 中国邮电高校学报(英文版), 2016, 23(1): 1-7. |
[15] | 肖雅 郑世慧 孙斌. Trusted GPSR protocol without reputation faking in VANET[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2015, 22(5): 22-31. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||