本期目录

2012年 19卷 5期 刊出日期：2012-10-31



Wireless

Geometrical Statistical Channel Model Arisen From Scatterers around the Mobile with an Inverted-Parabolic Spatial Distribution

周杰;李春梅;邱琳;HISAKAZU Kikuchi

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60293-8

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In this paper, firstly presented a geometrically based statistical channel model with scatterers that are with inverted parabolic spatial distribution around mobile station (MS) within a circle wherein the base station (BS) and MS are included. This paper presented a technique to simply derive PDFs of AOA, TOA and Doppler spectra to characterize the outdoor macrocell and microcell wireless environments by employing various distances between BS and MS, or different size of circular region. Employing this channel model, we analyze the impacts of a directional antenna with the main-lobe width at BS on the fading and the Doppler spectra.

Adaptive Bit Allocation in Multi-cell Cooperative Block Diagonalization System with Delayed and Limited Feedback

桂鑫 康桂霞 Huang Dong-yan; LIU jia 张平

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60294-X

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In multi-cell cooperative MIMO systems, base station (BS) can exchange and utilize channel state informations (CSI) of adjacent cell users to manage co-channel interference. Users quantize the CSIs of desired channel and interference channels using finite-rate feedback links, then BS can generate cooperative block diagonalization (BD) precoding matrices using the obtained quantized CSI at transmitter to supress co-channel interference. In this paper, a novel adaptive bit allocation scheme is proposed to minimize the rate loss due to imperfect CSI. We derive the closed-form expression of rate loss caused by both channel delay and limited feedback. Based on the derived rate loss expression, the proposed scheme can adaptively allocate more bits to quantize the better channels with smaller delays and fewer bits to worse channels with larger delays. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme yields higher performance than other allocation schemes.

Effective resource scheduling scheme considering scheduling relevancy for downlink joint transmission system

李晓娜 崔琪楣 MU Yan-lin TAO Xiao-feng

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60295-1

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Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission is a promising technique to improve both cell average and cell edge throughput for Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). For CoMP-JT (Joint Transmission) in heterogeneous scenario, if JT users are firstly scheduled, other non-JT users will not be allocated sufficient resources, i.e., scheduling relevancy exists in the users under different cells in the same coordination cluster. However, the CoMP system throughput will decline remarkably, if the impact of scheduling relevancy is not considered. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel scheduling scheme for CoMP in heterogeneous scenario. The principles of the proposed scheme include two aspects. Firstly, this scheme gives priority to user fairness, based on an extended proportional fairness (PF) scheduling algorithm. Secondly, the throughput of the coordination cluster should be maintained at a high level. By taking the non-CoMP system as a baseline, the proposed scheme is evaluated by comparing to random PF (RPF) and orthogonal PF (OPF) scheme. System-level simulation results indicate that, the proposed scheme can achieve considerable performance gain in both cell average and cell edge throughput.

Low-Complexity SAGE-based MMSE Channel Estimation for CoMP Multi-user Systems

李晓辉 王昕 黑永强

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60296-3

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Coordinated multiple point transmission/reception (CoMP) has been investigated recently as a promising technology to increase the cell-edge user performance of LTE-Advanced, and channel estimation is a crucial technology for CoMP systems. In this paper, we consider a reduced-complexity Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimator for CoMP systems. The estimator uses Space Alternating Generalized-EM (SAGE) algorithm to avoid the inverse operation of the joint MMSE estimator. In the proposed scheme, the Base Stations (BSs) in the CoMP system estimate the channels of all the coordinated users serially and iteratively. We derive the SAGE-based estimators and analyze complexity. Simulation results verify that the performance of the proposed algorithm is close to the joint MMSE estimation algorithm while reducing the complexity greatly.

Energy-efficient Performance of Cognitive Relay Network with Joint Sensing-transmission Time Duration and Power Allocation

张国翊 王勇 徐键 杨俊权 王力

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60297-5

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A jointly optimal sensing-transmission time duration and power allocation scheme for a cooperative relay network is developed by maximizing the network energy efficiency. In particular, observing that the spectrum sensing and data transmission duration lies within a strict interval, the jointly optimal solutions of sensing-transmission duration and power allocation are obtained by sequential optimization. The superiority of the proposed scheme in relay-assisted transmission mode over non-relay transmission mode in terms of energy-efficiency has been verified by quantitative simulation results.

Indoor localization via l1-graph regularized semi-supervised manifold learning

朱宇佳 邓中亮 季昊

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60298-7

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In this paper, a new l1-graph regularized semi-supervised manifold learning (LRSML) method is proposed for indoor localization. Due to noise corruption and non-linearity of received signal strength (RSS), traditional approaches always fail to deliver accurate positioning results. The l1-graph is constructed by sparse representation of each sample with respect to remaining samples. Noise factor is considered in the construction process of l1-graph, leading to more robustness compared to traditional k-nearest-neighbor graph (KNN-graph). The KNN-graph construction is supervised, while the l1-graph is assumed to be unsupervised without harnessing any data label information and uncovers the underlying sparse relationship of each data. Combining KNN-graph and l1-graph, both labeled and unlabeled information are utilized, so the LRSML method has the potential to convey more discriminative information compared to conventional methods. To overcome the non-linearity of RSS, kernel-based manifold learning method (K-LRSML) is employed through mapping the original signal data to a higher dimension Hilbert space. The efficiency and superiority of LRSML over current state of art methods are verified with extensive experiments on real data.

A Cluster-Based Analysis of Propagation Characteristics in MIMO Relay Channels based on Wideband Measurement

聂欣 ZHANG Jian-hua, TIAN Lei 张平

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60299-9

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In this paper, the characteristics of clusters induced by a variety of propagation mechanisms in the link from the relay station (RS) to the mobile station (MS) are presented. Based on the results of high resolution channel parameter estimation, an automatic framework integrated with the manual intervention is utilized to perform the cluster identification and tracking. The power proportion and angular spread of clusters are investigated in both the line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. The measurement results indicate that the channel characteristics of clusters are different from the link from the base station to the MS due to the lower height of the RS antennas.

Resource Allocation for Multiple Description Coding Multicast in OFDM-based Cognitive Radio Networks

李胜钰 许文俊 高燕 牛凯 林家儒

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60300-2

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本文研究了认知无线网络中多描述编码多播的资源分配方案，旨在满足次基站总发送功率约束、次级用户最大接收速率约束以及主用户最大干扰约束下，最大化次级用户的接收速率之和。在对问了题进行数学建模并仔细分析该模型后，论文提出一种近似最优算法，该算法包含两部分：子载波分配以及子载波分配完之后的功率分配，后者使用子梯度迭方法。同时为了降低算法的实现复杂度，论文提出了一种次优算法，该算法将全部功率分为多个等值的“功率片”，并且逐片进行功率分配。之后，为了改善该次优算法的性能，论文在该算法执行前添加了增强注水过程。仿真结果表明较之传统多播，使用多描述编码多播可以获得更高的网络吞吐量，并且论文所提次优算法的性能可以很高接近上面的近似最优算法。

Networks

Optimal Fusion Rule for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks

王谦 岳殿武 闫秋娜

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60301-4

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In this paper, we analyze performance of cooperative spectrum sensing under counting rules when exponential model is utilized to characterize the burst nature of primary user (PU) link. Our objective is to minimize the average error probability (AEP) so that the link utilization in the considered link achieves its maximum. We derive a closed-form expression of AEP as well as the probability of interference (PoI) by classifying cognitive transmission into six events. Then, we consider the minimization of AEP over counting rules under the constraint of interference. As the solution, we develop an efficient algorithm to evaluate the optimal fusion rule. Finally, we verify our analysis in numerical results.

Efficient complementary caching for ISP-aware networks

敖乃翔 徐赢颖 陈常嘉 黄琰

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60302-6

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Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have taken some measures to reduce intolerable inter-ISP peer-to-peer (P2P) traffic costs, so that user experiences of various P2P applications have been affected. The recently emerging Offline downloading service seeks to improve user experience by using dedicate servers to cache requested files and provide high-speed uploading. However, with rapid increase in user population, the server-side bandwidth resource of Offline downloading system is expected to be insufficient in the near future. We propose a novel complementary caching scheme with the goal of mitigating inter-ISP traffic, alleviating the load on servers of Internet applications and enhancing user experience. Both architecture and caching algorithm are presented in this paper. On the one hand, with full knowledge of P2P file sharing system and Offline downloading service, the infrastructure of complementary caching is designed to conveniently be deployed and work together with existing platforms. The co-operational mechanisms among different major components are also included. On the other hand, with in-depth understanding of traffic characteristics that are relevant to caching, we develop complementary caching algorithm with respect to the density of requests, the redundancy of file and file size. Since such relevant information can be real-time captured in our design, the proposed policy can be implemented to guide the storage and replacement of caching unities. Based on real-world traces over 3 months, we demonstrate that the complementary caching scheme is capable to achieve the “three-win” objective. That is, for P2P downloading, over 50% of traffic is redirected to cache; for Offline downloading, the average server-dependence of tasks drops from 0.71 to 0.32; for user experience, the average P2P transfer rate is increased by more than 50KB/s.

Analysis of connectivity in Ad hoc network based on interference and fading channel

徐彬泰 朱琦 HU Han

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60303-8

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In Ad hoc wireless network, connectivity is a fundamental issue which restricts the design of system protocol. Based on the theory of stochastic geometry, a connectivity model focused on signal-to-interference (SIR) ratio is set up in presence of Nakagami-m fading and interference. The paper derives a close formula of connectivity probability with interference and Nakagami-m fading which is never obtained in previous works. Two-dimension shot-noise theory in stochastic geometry for interference is well applied. The formula is verified by simulation. The results show that the connectivity is affected by the scatter of users, wireless propagation environment, interference and so on.

Storage capacity model for cloud download

徐嬴颖 敖乃翔 陈常嘉 黄琰

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60304-X

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With the rise and world wide deployment of cloud utilities, the principle of the cloud download is proposed to provide high-quality file content distribution by using dedicated servers as cloud cache to guarantee the data availability and enhance the data transfer rate. As the system scales up to a large population, how to design appropriate storage capacity of cloud cache is a key challenge for cloud download. In this paper, primary elements impacting on storage capacity are explored through deliberating in large-scale commercial cloud download system, i.e. general user usage pattern and available period. And based on statistical analysis of real-world traces, we formulate storage capacity related to these two elements, which is the original contribution different from all previous works. This model gives guidance of potential system policy design. Finally, the effectivity of this model is demonstrated by simulation results compared with empirical data of practical system.

Network selection based on multiple attribute decision making and group decision making for heterogeneous wireless networks

施政 朱琦

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60305-1

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One of the key issues for radio resources management is network selection strategy in heterogeneous scenarios. In order to provide ubiquitous service, the paper puts forward a network selection algorithm based on multiple attribute decision making (MADM) and group decision making (GDM). Firstly, the proposed algorithm acquires attribute weights’ vectors of the subjective and objective decision makers based on MADM, and then the two attribute weights’ vectors are synthesized to be a new attribute weights’ vector by using GDM. Considering that the results of GDM should be reasonable and convincible, the criterion of consistency is adopted for judging the compatibility of group judgments. More specifically, the algorithm takes into account not only objective attributes of networks but also the preference of subscribers and traffic class. Hence it guarantees that the subscribers can not select the networks with poor performance depending on their preference. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the handoff number and provide subscribers with satisfactory quality of service (QoS).

Further results on local stability of LRC-RED algorithm in Internet

詹振球 朱杰 孙宜进

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60306-3

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This paper presents some further results on the local stability of a recently developed Internet congestion control scheme, namely the LRC-RED algorithm. Necessary and sufficient stability conditions in terms of key tuning parameters are derived, which can provide further guidelines for control gain selection. The numerical simulations are given to illustrate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

Others

Cryptanalysis and security enhancement of a remote user authentication scheme using smart cards

汪定 马春光

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60307-5

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With the broad implementations of the electronic business and government applications, robust system security and strong privacy protection have become essential requirements for remote user authentication schemes. Recently, Chen et al. showed that Wang et al.’s scheme is vulnerable to the user impersonation attack and parallel session attack, and proposed an enhanced version to overcome the identified security flaws. In this paper, however, we show that Chen et al.’s scheme still cannot achieve the claimed security goals and report its following problems: (1) It suffers from the offline password guessing attack, key compromise impersonation attack and known key attack; (2) It fails to provide forward secrecy; (3) It is not easily repairable. As our main contribution, a robust dynamic ID-based scheme based on non-tamper resistance assumption of the smart cards is presented to cope with the aforementioned defects, while preserving the merits of different related schemes. The analysis demonstrates that our scheme meets all the proposed criteria and eliminates several grave security threats that are difficult to be tackled at the same time in previous scholarship.

JPEG Stream Soft-Decoding Technique Based on Autoregressive Modeling

牛毅 石光明 王晓甜 王立志 GAO Da-hua

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60308-7

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本文研究了一种新的JPEG码流软解码算法。采用2维分段自回归（PAR）模型对图像进行建模，根据DCT系数量化步长作为约束，将普通的JPEG解码过程转化为一个带约束的优化问题。PAR模型作为优化目标中的一个重要正则项，是该软解器的核心。考虑到PAR模型的参数只能从解码得到的有损图像中预测。 为了减少编码失真对模型参数预测精度的影响，我们提出一种双边带加权算法来对PAR模型参数进行自适应的总体最小二乘预测。大量的实验表明，该软解码器不但可以明显的提升JPEG图像的解码效果，并且在各个码率下都优于现有的针对JPEG解码图像的后处理方法。

Analysis of The Harmful Effects to Buried Oil Pipeline from Powerline

吕英华 莫凡

中国邮电高校学报(英文), 2012, 19 (5). doi： 10.1016/S1005-8885(11)60309-9

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在传输线理论基础上，分析研究了埋地埋地金属管线的结构特性并对发生电力线短路故障时对油气管道产生的危害影响进行进一步的讨论并给出由短路故障引起的感应电压的近似表达式。在建立的传输线模型下并推导了一系列在实际环境中埋地金属管线的分布参数并最后讨论了短路故障对埋地管线造成的影响规律及特性。